Table 3 Validity tests based on internal structure: dimensionality
Study | Factor analysis | Design | Estimator | Factor extraction method | Factors and items | Interfactor R | Internal replication | Effect of the method | Factor loadings (summary) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rokstad et al. [27] | EFA | Expl. | Expl.: PCA, varimax, direct oblimin rotation | Kaiser’s eigenvalue, criterion and scree plot test | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13 F2 = 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 | N.R. | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.738 Min.: 0.515 Average: 0.608 | F2 Max.: 0.714 Min.: 0.543 Average: 0.664 | |
Sjögren et al. [28] | CFA and EFA | Conf. ◊ Expl. | Conf.: ML Expl.: PCA, direct oblimin rotation, orthogonal rotation | Parallel analysis and Velicer’s MAP test | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13 F2 = 7, 8, 9, 10 12 | N.R. | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.7 Min.: 0.4 Average: 0.593 | F2 Max.: 0.75 Min.: 0.46 Average: 0.672 | |
Zhong and Lou [29] | CFA | Conf. | Conf: N.R. | N.R. | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 F2 = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 F3 = 13, 14, 15 | P-CAT-C1– P-CAT-C2: 0.043 P-CAT-C1– P-CAT-C3: 0.23 P-CAT-C2– P-CAT-C3: 0.065 | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.666 Min.: 0.443 Average: 0.51 | F2 Max.: 0.729 Min.: 0.454 Average: 0.584 | F3 Max.: 0.51 Min.: 0.399 Average: 0.455 |
Martínez et al. [25] | CFA | Conf. | Conf.: WLSMV | N.R. | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | 1 | The total sample was divided into two random subsamples. In the two-dimensional model, the correlation between the two factors was analyzed in both subsamples. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.73 Min.: 0.33 Average: 0.56 | ||
Tak et al. [30] | EFA | Expl. | Expl.: PCA, varimax orthogonal rotation | N.R. | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 F2 = 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | N.R. | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.78 Min.: 0.5 Average: 0.692 | F2 Max.: 0.8 Min.: 0.34 Average: 0.653 | |
Selan et al. [46] | EFA | Expl. | Expl.: PCA, varimax orthogonal rotation | Kaiser’s eigenvalue, criterion, scree plot test and parallel analysis | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13 F2 = 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 | N.R. | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.776 Min.: 0.465 Average: 0.599 | F2 Max.: 0.771 Min.: 0.546 Average: 0.711 | |
Le et al. [40] | EFA and CFA | Expl. ◊ Conf. | Expl.: PCA, varimax rotation, oblique rotation Conf.: SEM | N.R. | F1 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 13 F2 = 8, 9, 11, 12 | N.R. | N.R. | N.R. | F1 Max.: 0.79 Min.: 0.17 Average: 0.596 | F2 Max.: 0.89 Min.: 0.71 Average: 0.817 | |