From: Housing debt and depressive symptoms: evidence from the China family panel studies
Variables | 2016 | Â | 2018 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | S.D. | Â | Mean | S.D. | |
Dependent variable | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Depressive symptoms (CES-D8 scores) | 4.966 | 3.747 | Â | 5.464 | 3.809 |
Independent variable | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Housing debt (Yes = 1) | 0.241 | 0.428 |  | 0.250 | 0.433 |
Bank housing loans (Yes = 1) | 0.118 | 0.322 |  | 0.144 | 0.351 |
Non-bank housing loans (Yes = 1) | 0.167 | 0.373 |  | 0.159 | 0.366 |
The amount of housing debt (yuan) | 34,905 | 136,560 | Â | 50,179 | 175,411 |
The amount of bank housing loans (yuan) | 24,063 | 124,639 | Â | 39,637 | 165,131 |
The amount of non-bank housing loans (yuan) | 12,419 | 183,062 | Â | 10,541 | 44,109 |
Control variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age | 39.13 | 11.02 | Â | 41.01 | 11.09 |
Education | 8.909 | 4.499 | Â | 9.137 | 4.623 |
Residence (Urban = 1) | 0.494 | 0.500 |  | 0.519 | 0.500 |
Marital status (Married = 1) | 0.822 | 0.382 |  | 0.834 | 0.372 |
Occupation (Agricultural work = 1) | 0.353 | 0.478 |  | 0.341 | 0.474 |
Health status | 3.113 | 1.171 | Â | 3.074 | 1.168 |
Socioeconomic status | 2.743 | 1.005 | Â | 3.026 | 1.009 |
The total household income (yuan) | 82,686 | 179,808 | Â | 102,504 | 146,180 |
The total household non-housing debt (yuan) | 14,849 | 75,156 | Â | 19,115 | 102,386 |
The number of properties owned | 1.129 | 0.600 | Â | 1.151 | 0.660 |
The number of children | 1.332 | 0.950 | Â | 1.360 | 0.931 |
Observations | 12,616 | Â | 12,616 |