Comparative analysis of emotional facial expression recognition and empathy in children with prader-willi syndrome and autism spectrum disorder

Table 1 Response accuracy and reaction time of the FEEL tool with statistically significant differences by pairs

	Emotions	Control (n = 15) M ± SD	PWS (n = 15) M ± SD	ASD (n = 15) M ± SD	U		z	p	r	Post Hoc
Response accuracy
	Total	30.95 ± 5.27	21.95 ± 7.35	4.33 ± 2.41	34.000		-3.256	0.001	0.59	Control > PWS
	Surprise	5.93 ± 1.28	2.93 ± 2.20	4.33 ± 2.53	22.000		-3.829	< 0.001	0.69	Control > PWS
	Disgust	4.93 ± 2.34	2 ± 1.51	3.33 ± 2.69	37.500		-3.139	0.002	0.57	Control > PWS
Reaction time
	Total	3382.61 ± 1520.23	9950.83 ± 11254.90	3684.10 ± 1954.78	9.000		-4.293	< 0.001	0.78	Control < ASD
	Total				15.000		-4.044	< 0.001	0.74	PWS > ASD
	Fear	4432.27 ± 3119.22	15279.83 ± 27885.52	3787.08 ± 2039.02	11.000		-4.210	< 0.001	0.77	PWS > ASD
	Fear				20.000		-3.837	< 0.001	0.70	Control < PWS
	Happiness	2604.96 ± 1144.44	9686.29 ± 20933.67	3391.05 ± 2684.89	7.000		-4.376	< 0.001	0.79	Control < PWS
	Happiness				56.000		-2.344	0.015	0.43	PWS > ASD
	Surprise	3124.39 ± 1534.57	10319.22 ± 8064.15	4004.01 ± 2491.65	26.000		-3.588	< 0.001	0.65	PWS > ASD
	Disgust	3389.26 ± 2154.17	8900.09 ± 2915.69	3792.13 ± 2391.78	3.000		-4.542	< 0.001	0.83	PWS < ASD
	Disgust				12.000		-4.169	< 0.001	0.76	Control < PWS
	Sadness	3275.53 ± 1316.72	6834.71 ± 3720.31	3925.78 ± 2626.57	21.000		-3.795	< 0.001	0.69	Control < PWS
	Sadness				43.000		-2.883	0.004	0.57	PWS > ASD
	Anger	3529.63 ± 1411.14	8672.11 ± 5323.74	3204.57 ± 1987.54	9.000		-4.293	<0.001	0.78	Control < PWS
	Anger					11.000	-4.044	< 0.001	0.74	PWS > ASD

n: number of participants; M: mean; SD: standard deviation; U: Mann-Whitney U-test; z: standard scored; p: statistical probability p-value; r: effect size
Bonferroni post hoc analysis with corrected significance level p ≤.017

ISSN: 2050-7283