Parameter | Music therapy group | Control group | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initial Mean ± SD | Final Mean ± SD | Effect size | Initial Mean ± SD | Final Mean ± SD | Effect size | |
BAI | 15.10 ± 10.25 | 5.40 ± 4.72* | 0.519 (M) | 10.70 ± 8.54 | 6.00 ± 4.94 | 0.319 (S) |
BDI | 15.70 ± 10.68 | 6.30 ± 5.52* | 0.483 (S) | 16.00 ± 17.95 | 10.20 ± 16.26 | 0.163 (S) |
RR intervals | 718.80 ± 101.73 | 630.70 ± 402.50 | 0.148 (S) | 770.53 ± 121.14 | 745.95 ± 122.88 | 0.100 (S) |
SDNN (ms) | 35.01 ± 14.92 | 44.53 ± 12.95*# | −0.322 (S) | 41.35 ± 19.90 | 43.53 ± 22.11 | − 0.051 (S) |
RMSSD (ms) | 23.66 ± 10.21 | 36.59 ± 17.58* | − 0.410 (S) | 28.14 ± 15.82 | 31.59 ± 20.07 | −0.095 (S) |
pNN50 (%) | 6.08 ± 7.96 | 18.37 ± 17.30* | − 0.415 (S) | 8.85 ± 12.08 | 11.54 ± 17.96 | − 0.087 (S) |
SD1 | 16.76 ± 7.22 | 25.91 ± 12.45* | − 0.410 (S) | 18.41 ± 12.68 | 22.41 ± 14.34 | − 0.146 (S) |
SD2 | 46.50 ± 20.16 | 56.95 ± 15.63 | − 0.278 (S) | 51.75 ± 30.35 | 58.25 ± 28.32 | − 0.110 (S) |
DFA α1 | 1.11 ± 0.22 | 1.05 ± 0.35 | 0.102 (S) | 1.12 ± 0.24 | 1.16 ± 0.23 | −0.084 (S) |
DFA α2 | 0.94 ± 0.16 | 0.89 ± 0.24 | 0.121 (S) | 1.05 ± 0.34 | 0.86 ± 0.21 | 0.318 (S) |
VLF (0–0.04 Hz) | 733.50 ± 774.68 | 823.60 ± 675.78 | −0.061 (S) | 1039.20 ± 1026.09 | 943.10 ± 1432.13 | 0.038 (S) |
LF (0.04–0.15 Hz) | 508.90 ± 433.67 | 630.70 ± 402.50 | −0.144 (S) | 504.50 ± 419.49 | 601.30 ± 595.61 | −0.093 (S) |
HF (0.15–0.4 Hz) | 565.20 ± 1013.54 | 611.10 ± 462.50 | −0.029 (S) | 397.30 ± 331.67 | 435.60 ± 503.28 | −0.044 (S) |
Total | 1808.00 ± 1798.51 | 1950.12 ± 1364.49 | −0.044 (S) | 1941.20 ± 1660.41 | 1980.00 ± 2200.50 | −0.009 (S) |
LF/HF | 1.95 ± 1.14 | 1.85 ± 2.01 | 0.030 (S) | 2.20 ± 2.23 | 1.88 ± 1.23 | 0.088 (S) |
LF (n.u.) | 60.14 ± 18.61 | 53.35 ± 21.43 | 0.166 (S) | 58.38 ± 19.23 | 60.13 ± 14.35 | −0.051 (S) |
HF (n.u.) | 39.83 ± 18.62 | 46.65 ± 21.45 | − 0.167 (S) | 41.60 ± 19.26 | 39.87 ± 14.35 | 0.050 (S) |