From: Factors impacting the quality of peer relationships of youth with Tourette’s syndrome
Positive Impact | Negative Impact | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
“Non – Personality” Factors | Group | Test of Difference in Proportions (two-tailed) | Group | Test of Difference in Proportions (two-tailed) | ||||
Control Group | TS Group | z | p | Control Group | TS Group | z | p | |
(n = 92) | (n = 86) | (n = 92) | (n = 92) | |||||
Social skills - High | 14 (17) | - | 4.30 | < .001 | - | - | ||
Social skills - Low | - | - | - | - | 1 (1) | 20 (23) | 4.69 | < .001 |
Social interest - Low | - | - | - | - | 2 (2) | 3 (4) | 0.52 | .6 |
Sports participation | 18 (20) | 9 (11) | 1.71 | .08 | 1 (1) | - | 1.01 | .3 |
Humour | 7 (8) | 2 (2) | 1.65 | .10 | - | - | - | - |
Activities & interests | 11 (12) | 2 (2) | 2.57 | .01 | - | - | - | - |
Parents | 14 (15) | 5 (6) | 2.07 | .04 | - | - | - | - |
School - Positive | - | 7 (8) | 2.73 | .01 | - | - | - | - |
School - Negative | - | - | 2 (2) | 5 (6) | 1.21 | .2 | ||
Maladaptive symptoms | - | - | - | 46 (54) | 9.89 | < .001 | ||
Tics - OK | - | 17 (20) | 4.58 | < .001 | - | - | - | - |
Tics - Negative | - | - | - | - | 20 (23) | 5.07 | < .001 | |
Negative behaviours from others | - | - | - | - | 1 (1) | 23 (27) | 5.20 | < .001 |
Positive behaviours from others | - | 9 (11) | 3.24 | .01 | - | - | - | - |
Understanding & acceptance | - | 4 (5) | 2.02 | .04 | - | - | - | - |
Lack of understanding & acceptance | - | - | - | - | 7 (8) | 2.74 | .006 | |
Opportunity to socialize | 5 (5) | 1 (1) | 1.59 | .1 | - | - | - | - |
Child as “different” | - | - | - | - | - | 8 (9) | 2.95 | .003 |
Age-passage of time - Positive | 1 (1) | 7 (8) | 2.23 | .02 | - | - | - | - |
Age-passage of time - Negative | - | - | - | - | 2 (2) | 6 (7) | 1.52 | .12 |
Preference for one or a small group friends | 4 (4) | 4 (5) | 0.10 | .9 | - | 4 (5) | 2.02 | .04 |
Trouble maintaining friendships | - | - | - | - | - | 5 (6) | 2.29 | .02 |
Having long-term friends | 1 (1) | 3 (4) | 1.06 | .29 | - | - | - | - |
Preferring older or younger friends; not peers | 1 (1) | 2 (2) | 0.61 | .54 | - | - | - | - |
Context | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 0.04 | .96 | 2 (2) | - | - | - |
“Alike” kids | 1 (1) | 2 (2) | 0.61 | .54 | - | - | - | - |
Sibling | 4 (4) | 1 (1) | 1.27 | .20 | - | - | - | - |