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Table 4 Frequency and z-Tests of Proportions Between TS Youth and Control Group in Non-Personality Factors with Positive or Negative Impact on Friendship

From: Factors impacting the quality of peer relationships of youth with Tourette’s syndrome

 

Positive Impact

Negative Impact

“Non – Personality” Factors

Group

Test of Difference in Proportions (two-tailed)

Group

Test of Difference in Proportions (two-tailed)

 

Control Group

TS Group

z

p

Control Group

TS Group

z

p

(n = 92)

(n = 86)

  

(n = 92)

(n = 92)

  

Social skills - High

14 (17)

-

4.30

< .001

-

-

  

Social skills - Low

-

-

-

-

1 (1)

20 (23)

4.69

< .001

Social interest - Low

-

-

-

-

2 (2)

3 (4)

0.52

.6

Sports participation

18 (20)

9 (11)

1.71

.08

1 (1)

-

1.01

.3

Humour

7 (8)

2 (2)

1.65

.10

-

-

-

-

Activities & interests

11 (12)

2 (2)

2.57

.01

-

-

-

-

Parents

14 (15)

5 (6)

2.07

.04

-

-

-

-

School - Positive

-

7 (8)

2.73

.01

-

-

-

-

School - Negative

-

-

  

2 (2)

5 (6)

1.21

.2

Maladaptive symptoms

-

-

  

-

46 (54)

9.89

< .001

Tics - OK

-

17 (20)

4.58

< .001

-

-

-

-

Tics - Negative

-

-

-

 

-

20 (23)

5.07

< .001

Negative behaviours from others

-

-

-

-

1 (1)

23 (27)

5.20

< .001

Positive behaviours from others

-

9 (11)

3.24

.01

-

-

-

-

Understanding & acceptance

-

4 (5)

2.02

.04

-

-

-

-

Lack of understanding & acceptance

-

-

-

 

-

7 (8)

2.74

.006

Opportunity to socialize

5 (5)

1 (1)

1.59

.1

-

-

-

-

Child as “different”

-

-

-

-

-

8 (9)

2.95

.003

Age-passage of time - Positive

1 (1)

7 (8)

2.23

.02

-

-

-

-

Age-passage of time - Negative

-

-

-

-

2 (2)

6 (7)

1.52

.12

Preference for one or a small group friends

4 (4)

4 (5)

0.10

.9

-

4 (5)

2.02

.04

Trouble maintaining friendships

-

-

-

-

-

5 (6)

2.29

.02

Having long-term friends

1 (1)

3 (4)

1.06

.29

-

-

-

-

Preferring older or younger friends; not peers

1 (1)

2 (2)

0.61

.54

-

-

-

-

Context

2 (2)

2 (2)

0.04

.96

2 (2)

-

-

-

“Alike” kids

1 (1)

2 (2)

0.61

.54

-

-

-

-

Sibling

4 (4)

1 (1)

1.27

.20

-

-

-

-

  1. Note. Raw scores indicate frequency of references made to the “Other” factor. Total positive or negative impact attributable to each factor by group membership expressed as raw score and percentage