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Table 3 Group comparisons on psychiatric symptoms severity and number of diagnoses

From: Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study

Dependent variables

No chronic pain* (n = 21)

Chronic pain* (n = 40)

   

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

t-value

p-value

p-value§

IES-R

42.8 (19.1)

55.0 (15.5)

−2.558

0.013

0.050

HSCL-25 total scale

2.3 (0.6)

2.9 (0.5)

−3.503

0.001

0.006

HSCL- 25- Depression scale

2.4 (0.7)

2.0 (0.6)

−3.040

0.004

0.016

HSCL- 25-Anxiety scale

2.3 (0.6)

2.8 (0.6)

−3.302

0.002

0.010

SIDES severity

35.5 (18.2)

46.5 (17.0)

−2.337

0.023

0.069

Number of current diagnoses

3.8 (2.6)

5.0 (2.5)

−1.901

0.078

0.078

  1. T-tests were performed; (*) Chronic pain at clinical levels; (§) p-values adjusted for multiple testing by Holm adjustment; in bold significant p-values; IES-R = Impact of Event Scale Revised; HSCL-25 = Hopkins Symptom Checklist Scale; SIDES = Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress.