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Table 1 Demographics and social variables

From: Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study

 

No Chronic pain* (n = 21) N (%)

Chronic pain* (n = 40) N (%)

Chi2/t-value

p-value

p-value§

Gender (n = 61)

Women

8 (32.0)

17 (68.0)

0.110

0.790

1.000

Men

13 (36.1)

23 (63.7)

Marital status (n = 61)

Single

7 (58.3)

5 (41.7)

4.549

0.111

0.888

Married

9 (25.0)

27 (75.0)

Divorced

5 (38.5)

8 (61.5)

Ethnicity (n = 61)

Eastern Europe

7 (31.8)

15 (68.2)

0.160

0.941

0.941

Africa + Middle East

9 (34.6)

17 (65.4)

Other

5 (38.5)

8 (61.5)

Living conditions (n = 60)

Living alone

6 (50.0)

6 (50.0)

1.875

0.304

1.000

Living with family/others

14 (29.2)

34 (70.8)

Employment (n = 53)

Not employed

11 (34.4)

21 (65.6)

1.607

0.471

1.000

Part time employed

5 (50.0)

4 (50.0)

Employed

3 (23.1)

10 (76.9)

Having friends (n = 57)

Having no friends

5 (22.7)

17 (77.3)

1.299

0.381

1.000

Having friends

13 (37.1)

22 (62.9)

Proficiency of the Norwegian language (n = 56)

Low

2 (40.0)

3 (60.0)

3.242

0.183

1.000

Medium

4 (18.2)

18 (81.8)

High

12 (41.4)

17 (67.9)

Social integration in Norway (n = 57)

10.9 (2.1)

9.3 (2.6)

1.526

0.021

0.252

Social integration in ethnic community (n = 56)

3.9 (1.3)

3.3 (1.1)

0.924

0.058

0.522

Years in Norway (n = 56) # Mean (SD)

17 (9.0)

16 (6.1)

0.487

0.628

1.000

Education (n = 55) # Mean (SD)

14 (4.5)

12 (3.3)

2.058

0.045

0.495

Age (n = 61) # Mean (SD)

39 (11.4)

43 (8.2)

−1.942

0.057

0.570

  1. Exact chi-square tests were performed; (*) Chronic pain at clinical levels; (#) T-test; (§) p-values adjusted for multiple testing by Holm adjustment; in bold significant p-values.