Table 1 Results of EFA (Pattern matrixɑ)
From: Unveiling student academic resilience in language learning: a structural equation modelling approach
| Â | Factor1 Positive Individual Characteristics | Factor2 Teacher Support | Factor3 Family Support1 | Factor4 Peer Support | Factor5 Problem-solving | Factor6 Family Support2 | Commu nalities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC04 I can lead conversations well in accordance with a specific atmosphere or interlocutor. | 0.867 | 0.059 | 0.085 | -0.011 | -0.105 | 0.038 | 0.814 |
PC03 I am good at finding the right words for what I would like to express. | 0.835 | 0.072 | 0.088 | -0.017 | -0.085 | -0.032 | 0.767 |
PC02 There are many English tests on which I do well. | 0.788 | 0.038 | 0.000 | -0.025 | 0.089 | -0.019 | 0.738 |
PC08 I can recognise how people feel by their facial expressions. | 0.704 | 0.038 | 0.063 | -0.035 | 0.040 | -0.005 | 0.621 |
PC01 I can do most English exercises if I try. | 0.650 | 0.062 | -0.021 | -0.142 | 0.117 | -0.030 | 0.659 |
PC07 I can work out my English problems. | 0.649 | 0.040 | 0.045 | -0.203 | 0.099 | -0.102 | 0.730 |
PC06 I have goals and plans for future English learning. | 0.546 | -0.005 | 0.099 | -0.127 | 0.219 | 0.098 | 0.685 |
PC13 My aim is to perform well relative to other students in English. | 0.376 | -0.056 | 0.015 | 0.031 | 0.221 | 0.069 | 0.256 |
TS03 The English teacher pays careful attention to my studies. | -0.014 | 0.785 | -0.030 | -0.013 | 0.038 | 0.007 | 0.623 |
TS05 The English teacher helps me choose suitable learning materials. | 0.095 | 0.781 | -0.067 | -0.044 | -0.139 | 0.106 | 0.544 |
TS06 The English teacher helps me choose suitable extra-curricular reading materials. | 0.103 | 0.758 | -0.024 | -0.030 | -0.110 | 0.061 | 0.621 |
TS01 The English teacher shows us how to compensate for limited knowledge (such as attributive clauses, etc.). | -0.028 | 0.645 | 0.057 | 0.002 | 0.062 | -0.122 | 0.446 |
TS04 The English teacher has high expectations of me. | 0.130 | 0.642 | 0.009 | 0.029 | 0.069 | 0.054 | 0.528 |
TS02 The English teacher imparts practical knowledge to us (such assentence patterns, etc.). | -0.130 | 0.640 | 0.074 | -0.043 | 0.098 | -0.080 | 0.456 |
FS08 My parents set mean example with their own experiences in learning English. | 0.072 | -0.035 | 0.877 | -0.019 | -0.062 | -0.035 | 0.777 |
FS04 My parents assist me in learning English. | 0.041 | -0.028 | 0.787 | -0.005 | -0.065 | 0.012 | 0.621 |
FS03 My parents encourage me when I make progress in learning English. | -0.049 | 0.153 | 0.414 | -0.088 | 0.212 | 0.096 | 0.427 |
FS01 At home, there is an adult who is interested in my English school work. | 0.119 | 0.102 | 0.332 | -0.084 | 0.165 | 0.252 | 0.503 |
PS04 My classmates would point out my mistakes in English learning and encourage me. | 0.025 | 0.018 | -0.015 | -0.934 | -0.112 | -0.003 | 0.836 |
PS03 My classmates would share English learning resources with me. | 0.052 | 0.023 | 0.018 | -0.843 | -0.048 | 0.022 | 0.771 |
PS02 My classmates would pick me for a partner when dealing with English tasks (e.g., role playing, classroom activities). | 0.101 | -0.030 | 0.036 | -0.786 | -0.011 | -0.014 | 0.699 |
PS01 My classmates would make me feel better when I have difficulties in learning English. | -0.096 | 0.008 | 0.008 | -0.761 | 0.116 | -0.002 | 0.592 |
PC05 When I encounter words and sentence patterns I don’t know in English, I look them up in a dictionary and look for references. | 0.209 | 0.061 | 0.034 | -0.029 | 0.681 | -0.019 | 0.717 |
PC12 When I encounter problems in my English studies, I will go online to search for relevant resources. | 0.174 | 0.101 | -0.048 | -0.114 | 0.519 | 0.059 | 0.522 |
PC11 I try to work out English problems by talking about them with my teacher and classmates. | 0.270 | 0.135 | 0.020 | -0.287 | 0.342 | 0.045 | 0.659 |
FS07 My parents afford to tutor me in English. | -0.081 | -0.029 | -0.044 | -0.024 | 0.002 | 0.508 | 0.242 |
FS06 My parents made an effort to find a way to enroll me in the class I am currently attending. | 0.098 | -0.007 | 0.047 | 0.037 | -0.029 | 0.483 | 0.263 |
FS02 At home, there is an adult who wants me to do my best to learn English. | -0.057 | 0.157 | 0.220 | -0.058 | 0.094 | 0.388 | 0.367 |
Total Variance Explained Cumulative% | 38.391 | 45.739 | 50.531 | 54.742 | 57.481 | 59.232 | —— |
Cronbach α | 0.927 | 0.860 | 0.752 | 0.907 | 0.852 | 0.841 | —— |